保留与切除椎板制备小鼠急性脊髓损伤模型的比较研究

Comparison on two kinds of spinal cord injury model in mice with self-made spinal impactor device

目的比较应用自制的脊髓打击仪制备保留与切除椎板小鼠急性脊髓损伤（SCI）模型的优缺点，探讨进一步改进小鼠急性脊髓损伤模型的建立方法。方法6周龄SPF级雌性KM小鼠30只，随机分成三组（每组10只）。A组为假手术组；B组为切除椎板40g打击组；C组为保留椎板40g打击组。分别记录手术操作时间、出血量、切口长度，且于术后1—8周的不同时间点行BMS评分、足迹分析及组织学检查，评价小鼠急性脊髓损伤的程度。结果保留椎板组手术时间（36．4±5．21）min、切口长度（1．32±0．08）cm、出血量（0．14±0．03）mL；椎板切除组手术时间（45．7±5．48）min、切口长度（1．7±0．08）cm、出血量（0．24±0．05）mL，保留椎板组均优于切除椎板组（P〈0．05）；两组Basso小鼠后肢行为学（BMS）评分、足迹分析、组织学检查均相似。结论保留椎板的小鼠急性脊髓损伤模型与切除椎板一样能有效显示脊髓损伤的行为学及病理学过程，且操作较切除椎板模型更加简单、快捷，手术创伤更小，更有利于后续科学研究的开展。

Objective Comparison of two kinds of spinal cord injury models with the self-made spinal impactor device, in order to establish an improving method. Methods Thirty mice were divided into 3 groups randomly： group A： incision without contusing spinal cord, group B： encroach for thoracic fenestration with contusing method by the self-made spinal device, group C： through intervertebral foramen with contusing method by the self-made spinal device. Intraoperative times, the length of the incision and blood loss were recorded. Basso mouse scale （BMS）, footprint analysis, histology were performed to evaluate spinal cord severity. Results Group C mice showed better results in intraoperative time （36.4±5.21） min, the length of the incision （1.32±0.08） cm and blood loss （0.24±0.05） mL versus those indexes of group B （P 〈 0.05）. Locomotor testing and histology revealed that the SCI models can be established via the two methods. Conclusion A simple and stable spinal cord injury free from lamineetomy can be made with the self-made device. The method is simpler and can mimic the clinical situation.