生命早期应用抗生素与肥胖研究进展

Study progress of antibiotics application in early life and obesity

在儿科患者中，抗生素是最普遍的处方药物。抗生素在降低人类感染性疾病发病率和病死率方面发挥巨大作用的同时，也出现了相关的不良反应，如对肠道微生物群定植的影响。肠道微生群对调节机体新陈代谢具有重大作用。如果生命早期应用抗生素，体内肠道微生物群的组成会遭到破坏，易出现肥胖。动物实验显示，应用低剂量的抗生素可促进其体质量增加，并且在动物生命早期应用抗生素比在后期应用抗生素更能有效促进体质量增加。目前，人类流行病学调查研究显示抗生素对人类也有相似的作用。生命早期的肠道菌群对机体以后的新陈代谢至关重要，但易受干扰，应用抗菌药后服用益生菌对改善肠道微生物群的平衡可能有益。这可能会成为应用抗生素后早期预防肥胖的一个新的研究方向。现结合国内外文献，从抗生素对动物新陈代谢、体质量的影响，对人类体质量的影响以及应用抗生素后相应的措施等方面进行阐述。

As for pediatric patients, antibacterial drugs are the most common prescription drugs. These agents play a significant role in reducing the incidence and mortality of human infections. However, at the same time, some related adverse reactions appeared, such as the impact on intestinal mieroflora colonization. Intestinal microbial population has great importance in regulating body＇s metabolism. If early use of antibiotics in life ,the composition of the intestinal microbiota will be destroyed, and resulting in obesity. Animal experiments showed that low - dose antibiotics may promote an increase in body weight, and the use of antimicrobial drugs in the early life was more effective than that in late stage. Currently, available human epidemiological investigation indicated that antibacterial drugs had a similar effect in human. Gut flora in early life is essential for the later metabolism of body, but it is susceptible to interference. Using probiotics after the application of antimierobial drug may be beneficial to improve the balance of intestinal microflora. This may be a new direction to prevent obesity after the early use of antimicrobial drugs. Now, the domestic and foreign reports were combined to elaborate the antibacterial drug metabolism in animals, the influence of body quality on the quality of the human body and the corresponding measures after application of antimicrobial agents.