乳腺癌化疗患者PICC管道自我管理能力调查及护理对策

Investigation on self-management ability of PICC catheter in breast cancer patients with chemotherapy and nursing countermeasures

目的探讨乳腺癌化疗患者PICC管道自我管理能力及护理对策。方法选择乳腺癌改良根治术后化疗PICC带管期间并及时在院进行导管维护的311例患者,应用肿瘤患者自我管理能力调查问卷、自我护理能力量表及健康行为量表进行调查,并采集感染患者脓液等标本进行细菌培养、鉴定。结果乳腺癌患者PICC自我管理能力总体处于中等水平,其中自我管理能力较好43.09%、中等50.80%、较差6.11%,患者的信息获取、日常导管观察、日常生活管理及异常情况应对得分处于较低水平。乳腺癌化疗患者PICC带管期间,自我护理能力总分为(88.57±20.03)分,其中自我管理知识水平较低(高等水平者仅占1.29%);健康行为总分为(97.59±19.13)分。结论乳腺癌化疗患者PICC管道自我管理日常生活能力水平较低,护理人员要对患者加强健康宣教,指导自我日常生活管理技巧,从而降低感染率和脱管率。

Objective To investigate the self-management ability of PICC catheter in breast cancer patients with chemotherapy and nursing countermeasures. Methods A total of 311 breast cancer patients with modified mastectomy and chemotherapy during PICC-wearing period were selected. Self-management ability questionnaire for cancer patients,self-care scale and health behavior scale were used to investigate conditions of patients,and specimens of pus were collected for bacterial culture and identification. Results In the breast cancer patients with PICC,the self-management ability was in the middle level. The ratio of patients with good self management ability was 43. 09%,moderate was 50. 80% and poor was 6. 11%. Scores of patient＇s information,observation of daily catheter,the management of the daily life and abnormal coping were relatively low. During the PICCwearing period,score of self care ability was（ 88. 57 ± 20. 03）,and in which the self management knowledge level was lower（ ratio of patients with higher level was only 1. 29%）. Health behavior score was（ 97. 59 ± 19. 13）. Conclusion Self-management ability of PICC catheter is low in breast cancer patients with chemotherapy. Nurses should strengthen health education for patients and teach techniques of self management skills of daily life in order to reduce the Infection rate and extubation rate.