普里兹湾沉积物样品产油真菌筛选及胞内脂肪酸成分分析

Isolation of oleaginous fungi from Pryzd Bay sediments and fatty acid analysis of intracellular lipids

对中国第29次南极科学考察获得的南极普里兹湾海域23个站位的深海沉积物样品进行了真菌分离培养,共获得了11个属的21株真菌,分别是:青霉属(Penicillium,9株)、枝孢属(Cladosporium,3株)、支顶孢属(Acremonium,1株)、短梗霉属(Aureobasidium,1株)、孢盘菌属(Botryotinia,1株)、散囊菌属(Eurotiales,1株)、外瓶霉属(Exophiala,1株)、镰孢菌属(Fusarium,1株)、丛赤壳属(Nectria,1株)、茎点霉属(Phoma,1株)、帚枝霉属(Sarocladium,1株).南极普里兹湾海域的真菌多样性较高,其中青霉属菌株最多,占总菌株比例为42.85%,是普里兹湾真菌中的优势属,其次为枝孢属菌株,占总菌株比例为14.29%.分别用尼罗红和氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)对这21株菌进行产油筛选,得到8株产油菌,分属于Penicillium(2株)、Aureobasidium(1株)、Cladosporium(1株)、Eurotiales(1株)、Exophiala(1株)、Fusarium(1株)、Sarocladium(1株)等7个属,这些产油菌产油量大致在20.1%到52.0%之间.对这8株菌的产油量和胞内脂肪酸成分进行分析,结果表明:这些产油菌所含的基本为短链脂肪酸,且不饱和脂肪酸含量较高,适合作为生物柴油的生产菌株.

In the 29 thChinese Antarctic scientific expedition,23 sediment samples were collected from Prydz Bay.A total of 21 fungal strains were isolated from the sediment samples and these fungi belong to 11 genera based on fungal ITS sequence analysis. They includes Penicillium（ 9 strains）,Cladosporium（ 3 strains）,Acremonium（ 1strain）,Aureobasidium（ 1 strain）,Botryotinia（ 1 strain）,Eurotiales（ 1 strain）,Exophiala（ 1 strain）,Fusarium（ 1 strain）,Nectria（ 1 strain）,Phoma（ 1 strain） and Sarocladium（ 1 strain）. With high diversities,the strains of Penicillium,as the most dominant genus,is accounting for 42. 85% of the total stains,and the strains of Cladosporium is 14. 29%. Eight oleaginous fungi were isolated based on both Nile red staining method and TTC staining method and they belong to 7 genera,including Penicillium（ 2 strains）,Aureobasidium（ 1 strains）,Cladosporium（ 1strains）,Eurotiales（ 1 strains）,Exophiala（ 1 strains）,Fusarium（ 1 strains）,Sarocladium（ 1 strain）. Lipid contents of these oleaginous fungi range from 20. 1% to 52. 0%. Fatty acid composition of intracellular lipids shows that fatty acids occurred in the range C16- C18 for most oleaginous fungi. A relative high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids observed in the lipid contents suggest that these oleaginous fungi have potential of biodiesel production.