耐热炸药5,5'-联四唑-1,1'-二氧钾盐的合成及热分解

Synthesis and Thermal Decom position of a Heat-resistance Explosive Potassium Salts of 5,5'-Bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate

以乙二肟为原料,用"一锅法"制备了5,5'-联四唑-1,1'-二羟基二水合物(BTO)的关键中间体二叠氮基乙二肟(DAG),以复分解反应合成了5,5'-联四唑-1,1'-二氧钾盐(PBTOX),采用元素分析、红外光谱对其结构进行了表征,用DTA-TG技术研究了PBTOX的热分解过程,用原子力显微技术(AFM)和洛伦兹接触共振(LCR)成像技术测试了PBTOX晶体的表面形貌和晶体力学性能,进行了感度测试。结果表明,PBTOX的晶体结构为层状结构,其5℃·min^(-1)升温速率下的分解峰顶温度为383℃。撞击感度爆炸百分数和摩擦感度爆炸百分数均为0%。

The key intermediate diazidoglyoxime（ DAG ） of synthesizing 5,5 ＇-bistetrazole -1 , 1 -diolate dihydrate（BTO） was synthesized by ＂one pot＂ method using glyoxime as starting materials. The potassium salts of 5 ,5＇-bistetrazole -1 ,1 ＇-diolate（PBTOX） was synthesized by metathesis reaction. Its structure was characterized by IR and elemental analysis. DTA-TG technique was used to study the thermal decomposition of PBTOX. The surface morphology and mechanical properties of PBTOX crystal were tested by atomic force microscopy（AFM） and Lorentzian contact resonance（LCR） imaging technique. The sensitivity tests were performed. Results show that the crystal structure of PBTOX is layered one. Its decomposition peak temperature at a heating rate of 5℃· min^-1 is 383 ℃. Its explosion percentage is 0% for impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity.