氢氧化铝-酚醛树脂包覆赤磷的工艺研究

Process Research on Coating Red Phosphorus with Aluminum Hydroxide and Phenol Formaldelyde Resin

吸湿性是影响赤磷型发烟剂长贮安定性的主要因素之一。为了降低赤磷的吸湿性,采用氢氧化铝-酚醛树脂包覆赤磷。通过正交试验优化了制备包覆赤磷的工艺。采用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱仪和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对赤磷包覆层进行了表征。结果表明,制备包覆赤磷的优化工艺参数为:甲醛和苯酚的摩尔比为3∶1,九水合硝酸铝的质量为0.05 g,甲醛和苯酚的总质量为0.4 g,反应温度30℃,反应时间3 h。所得包覆赤磷的吸湿率降低93.24%。包覆物质量分数小于4.5%。随着时间的增长,包覆赤磷的吸湿率降低越明显。包覆材料很好地包覆在赤磷表面。

The hygroscopicity is one of principal factors affecting the long storage stability of red phosphorus smoke agent. To reduce the hygroscopicity of red phosphorus, the red phosphorus was coated by aluminium hydroxide/phenol formaldehyde resin. The process of preparing the coated red phosphorus was optimized by orthogonal test. The coating layer of red phosphorus was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer（FTIR） and scanning electron microscopy（ SEM）. Results show that the op- timal process parameters for preparation of coated red phosphorus are： the molar ratio of formaldehyde and phenol 3 ： 1 , the mass of aluminum nitrate nonahydrate 0.05 g, the total mass of formaldehyde and phenol 0.4 g, the reaction temperature 30℃, the reaction time 3 h. The moisture absorption ratio of coated red phosphorus obtained reduces by 93.24%. The mass fraction of coating materials is below 4.5%. The moisture absorption rate of coated red phosphorus reduces remarkably as time goes on The coating materials are well coated on the surface of red phosphorus.