武汉东湖水生植物重金属分布现状研究

Distribution of Heavy Metals in Hydrophytes from the East Lake of Wuhan

在武汉东湖采集9种水生植物及其对应水样、根区沉积物样,采用微波消解—ICP-MS(Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,电感耦合等离子体质谱)测定其重金属(Cd,Zn,As,Cu,Co,Pb,Mn,Cr,Ni)的含量,分析了9种重金属在植物体内的分布现状及各部位对重金属的富集能力。结果表明:水生植物对各种重金属的吸收状况呈Mn>Zn>Pb>Cu>Ni>Cr>As>Co>Cd的一致性,不同植物各部位对重金属的富集能力表现为根>茎>叶。水生植物对重金属的富集能力表现为沉水植物>浮水植物>挺水植物。金鱼藻、青萍和水葫芦对重金属富集系数较大,可作为水体修复植物,净化被重金属Mn,Zn,Cd复合污染的水体。

Nine kinds of hydrophyte and the corresponding water samples and sediments from the East Lake of Wuhan were collected,and the concentrations of heavy metals（ Cd,Zn,As,Cu,Co,Pb,Mn,Cr,Ni） in these samples were measured by microwave digestion-ICP-MS（ Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry）. Results indicate that the nine hydrophytes have some coherence in adsorbing heavy metals,and the order of these metals is Mn Zn Pb Cu Ni Cr As Co Cd. As for different parts of the hydrophytes,the adsorptive ability of root is the largest,followed by stem and leaf,and as for different kinds of hydrophytes,the adsorptive ability of submerged plant is the largest,followed by floating-leaved plant and emerged plant. The bioaccumulation factors of ceratophyllum demersum,duckweed and water hyacinth are large,so they can be used as remediation plant to purify the water contaminated by Mn,Zn,and Cd.