湘东大围山地区板岩风化物发育土壤的发生特性与系统分类

Occurrence Characteristics and Systematic Classification of the Soils Developed from the Weathered Slates in the Eastern Hunan Dawei Mountain Area

研究了湖南省东部大围山不同海拔地区由板岩风化物发育的3个土壤剖面的成土环境和发生特性,根据《中国土壤系统分类检索》,选定了淡薄表层、雏形层、低活性富铁层、铁质特性、盐基饱和度、腐殖质特性为土壤剖面的诊断层和主要诊断特性,确定不同土壤剖面在中国土壤系统分类中的归属。结果表明:大围山不同海拔地区由板岩风化物发育的3个剖面的土壤质地为壤土、黏壤土;土壤剖面的Ba值随海拔的升高而减小,说明高海拔地区的土壤淋溶作用要强于低海拔地区。根据选定的诊断层和诊断特性,大窝系(剖面LY-25)属于粗骨壤质硅质混合型酸性热性-红色铁质湿润雏形土,白面石系(剖面LY-26)属于粗骨黏质高岭石混合型酸性热性-普通简育湿润富铁土,榴花洞系(剖面LY-27)属于粗骨壤质硅质混合型热性-铁质酸性湿润淋溶土。

Studied the soil forming environment and occurrence characteristics of three soil profiles developed from the weathered slates of different altitudes in the eastern Hunan Dawei Mountain area, according to Chinese Soil System Classification Retrieval, selected ochric epipedon, cambic horizon, low activity of iron rich layer, characteristics of iron and degree of base saturation, humus characteristics as diagnostic layer of soil profiles and main diagnostic features, the attribution of soil system classification in China was determined. The results showed that the soil texture of three soil profiles developed from the weathered slates of different altitudes in the eastern Hunan Dawei Mountain area was loam and clay loam; the Ba value of soil profile decreased with the increase of altitude, which explained that the soil leaching in high altitude area was higher than that in low altitude area. According to the selected diagnostic layers and diagnostic features, Dawo series（LY-25） belongs to coarse bone loamy and siliceous mixed type with acidic and hot red iron moist soil, Baimianshi series（LY-26） belongs to coarse bone clay mixed type with acidic and hot ordinary Hapli udic ferrisol, Liuhuadong series（LY-27） belongs to coarse bone loamy and siliceous mixed type with iron acidic Udalf.