古希腊“心”范畴词的认知隐喻研究——以埃斯库罗斯悲剧为例

A Study on the Words of “Heart” in Ancient Greek Period with Cognitive Metaphorical Theory——Based on Aeschylus Tragedies

古希腊时期与"心"范畴相关的词语既具有多样性,也在语义上具有相似性和差异性。从认知隐喻的视角,对埃斯库罗斯悲剧中φpηv和kαpσíα两个"心"范畴词的认知特征进行比较研究,会发现两个词语在认知特征上都表现出实体性和空间性的特点;二者的差异则具体表现为:φpηv的实体性更为明显,而kαpσíα的结构性更突出。这些语义上的共性和差异,反映出古希腊时期人们对"心"范畴的认知特点。

In ancient Greek period,there are many words under the category of＂heart＂,which are of semantic commonalities and differences. This paper makes a comparative study between φpηv and kαpσíα,both of which bear the meaning of＂heart＂,from the cognitive metaphorical view. And it turns out that both these words share the features of ontological and orientational metaphor,while φpηv is more characterized with ontological metaphor and kαpσíα is more characterized with structural metaphor. These commonalties and differences can help to reveal the cognitive features of ＂heart＂by people in Ancient Greek period.