从《史记》看司马迁对儒道思想的认识

The Analysis between Confucianism and Taoism of Sima Qian from Historical Records

儒道两家思想对司马迁有着重要的影响,并贯穿于《史记》全书之中。司马迁对儒道思想的认识,体现在其创作方式上。从儒道两家代表人物在《史记》中的地位,以及记叙各家代表人物的行文措辞和表现手法可以看出,司马迁既有对儒家入世等思想的肯定和对汉儒的反感,也有对道家无为自然的认可和对小国寡民的否定。其思想体系是建立在对儒道两家继承和发展的基础上形成的一种儒道结合思想。

A great influence of Confucianism and Taoism is exerted on Sima Qian and this influence brings about that Confucianism and Taoism is running through the writing of Historical Records. His understanding on this ideology is reflected on his modes of creativity. Sima Qian not only displayed affirmation in the action of engaging in politics form Confucianism and endorsement the natural non- action from Taoism,but also denied the Han Confucian scholars and ＂small country and population＂. All this is reflected in Historical Records. We understand that his thought is a combination between Confucianism and Taoism that is built on the inheritance and development Confucianism and Taoism.