岭南湖山型风景区生态绿地景观格局分析——以惠州西湖风景区为例

A spatial analysis of greenland landscape patterns in Lake-Mountain pattern scenic areas: take Huizhou West Lake scenic areas for example

根据收集的惠州西湖风景名胜区相关图片资料,运用景观生态学及其Google earth图片和View-GIS软件,结合实地调查,采用景观多样性指数、斑块特征指数和景观空间构型评价等指标,对其景观格局进行了分析。研究结果表明:(1)惠州西湖风景区总面积为713.878 hm2,各类绿地占风景区总面积的67.8%,其中水体占总面积的19.7%,非绿地面积占32.2%,硬质景观占有较高的比例,用地结构需要进行适当调整;(2)斑块总数量为458个,绿地斑块主要是以大、中型斑块为主,其斑块数量分别占总数量的42.7%和35.6%,斑块面积却只占绿地总面积的3.0%和7.5%,绿地特大型斑块数量上虽然仅占绿地斑块数量的5.0%,但其总面积却占到绿地总面积的89.2%;(3)研究区域内的景观具有较高的多样性,Shannon-Wiener指数为1.852,优势度指数为0.451,均匀度指数为0.709;整体景区的破碎度指数为0.001,斑块密度为64个/km2,廊道密度为3.211 km/km2,道路系统发达,核心景区被城市道路分割,对景区的整体性有一定程度影响。

Based on some data of Huizhou West Lake Scenic Area and principles of landscape ecology, View-GIS software and Google earth photo pictures had been used, meanwhile the spots had been investigated. The characteristic index of patches, the landscape diversity index, the assessment index of spatial configuration had been selected to analyze the spatial pattern of Huizhou West Lake Scenic Area. The results indicated：（1） The total area of Huizhou West Lake Scenic Area was 713.878 hm2, various types of green space accounted for 67.8 % of the total area, including water area account for 19.7 %, non-green area accounts for 32.2 %, the proportion of the horniness landscape area was large,and the usage of the land should be adjusted.（2） There were 458 patches in the research area, green patch was mainly to large, medium-sized patches, the number of those patches accounted for 42.7 % and 35.6 %, respectively, but the area of it only accounted for 3.0% and 7.5%. Although the number of the extra large patches accounted for 5%, but the area of it accounted for 89.2%.（3） The landscape in research area has higher diversity, the Shannon-Wiener index was 1.852, the dominance was 0.451, the evenness was 0.709, the fragmentation was 0.001, the patch density was 64 per square kilometer and the corridor density was 3.2110 kilometer per square kilometer. The road system was developed and the core scenic area was split by the urban road, so it had affected the integrity of the scenic in a certain extent.