文化繁荣要有大科学观

Large viewpoint science needed in culture prosperity

知识是人类对自然、社会、思维认识的总称。文化是知识的文字(语言、符号)化。文化的核心是哲学与科学,两者的本质都是知识。真正的文化知识(哲学与科学)是超时空而存在的。按照《周易》"形而上者谓之道,形而下者谓之器"之说,文化知识总体上分为两大类:形上性哲学(科学)的价值在于认识宇宙,提升智慧,安排人生,充实人类的精神生活;形下性科学的价值在于剖析自在,获取材料,制造器具,丰富人类的物质需要。前者是"越老越值钱",后者是"越新越可贵"。把古今中外哲学体系下的科学,和近代物理、化学体系下的科学,统一纳入科学体系之中的立场和观念,称为大科学观。据此,文学、艺术、政治学、经济学、历史学、军事学、法理学等,属于哲学体系下的科学,中医学即在其中。声、光、电、磁、热、力、微电子和有机、无机、生物化学等,属于物理、化学体系下的科学,西医学也在其中。中外文化科学在中国的整合与重构需要大科学观,中国传统文化的复兴更需要大科学观。

Knowledge is the generic term of nature, society and thinking. Culture is characters（language and signals） of knowledge. The core of culture is philosophy and science, and the essence of which is knowledge. The real culture knowledge（philosophy and science） is hyper spaced existence. According to ‘ones of metaphysics are so called virtuality, ones of physics are so called materials＇ from The Book of Changes, culture knowledge is generally divided into two categories, the value of metaphysic philosophy（science） is to realize the universe, enhance intelligence, arrange life and enrich spiritual life of human beings; while the value of physics is to dissect oneself, obtain materials, make tools and enrich material want of human beings. The former one is ‘the more valuable the older＇, and the latter one is ‘the more precious the newer＇. That science under philosophy at all times and in all over the world, and the science under modern physical and chemical system both included into the science system is so called the large viewpoint science. In view of the above, literature, art, politics, economics, history, military science, jurisprudence, etc. are belonged to the science under philosophy, and traditional Chinese medicine is as well as under the system. Sound, light, electricity, magnetic, thermal, mechanical, microelectronics, organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, biochemistry, etc. are belonged to the science under modern physical and chemical system, western medicine is as well as under the system. Combination and reconstitution of culture and science at home and abroad in China need large viewpoint of science, as well as, traditional Chinese culture needs large viewpoint of science more.