高原成年人贫血状况分布调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis on the situation of adults with anemia in Ganzi Plateau

目的了解甘孜藏族自治州地区成人贫血分布特点。方法采用直接抽样法,搜集2014年1月至2015年8月到甘孜藏族自治州人民医院就诊,确诊为贫血的18周岁以上的患者957例,分析性别、年龄及不同海拔高度对贫血患病率及患病程度的影响。将所有数据采用Excel建立数据库,采用2次录入法,并用SPSS19.0统计软件完成所有统计学分析。结果 957例贫血患者中,男女比例为1.00∶4.17,性别差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;其中极重度贫血患病率2.2%,重度贫血患病率40.1%,中度贫血患病率38.7%,轻度贫血患病率19.0%。18~27岁组贫血人数最多,不同年龄组贫血人数差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;海拔4 000m以上贫血人数最高,与其他海拔高度组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论性别与海拔高度对甘孜藏族自治州地区贫血发生率有显著影响。女性贫血人数明显高于男性,随着海拔高度增加,贫血人数也增加。

Objective To investigate the distribution of anemia of adults in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.Methods 957 cases aged over 18 years were selected who were diagnosed with anemia from January 2014 to August 2015.The effect of gender,ages and different altitudes on the prevalence and severity were analyzed.By using EXCEL,the database were established and all data were input in twice.By SPSS19.0statistical software,all statistical analysis were performed.Results 957 cases aged over 18 years were selected diagnosed with anemia from January 2014 to August 2015.The effect of gender,ages and different altitudes on the prevalence and severity were analyzed.By using EXCEL,the database were established and all data were input in twice.By SPSS19.0statistical software,all statistical analysis were performed.Conclusion Gender and altitude have a significant effect on the rate of anemia in area of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.The rate of anemia of women is higher than that of men,and the prevalence of anemia is increasing with the increase of altitude.