摘要
目的探讨右美托咪定对坐骨神经联合股神经阻滞麻醉膝关节置换术患者的镇静效果。方法选择2014年3—9月于陕西省榆林市第一医院行膝关节置换术患者80例,根据随机数字表法分为右美托咪定组和对照组,各40例。坐骨神经联合股神经阻滞麻醉后,右美托咪定组患者给予右美托咪定0.5汕g/kg(输注10min)后以0.4mg/(kg·h)维持;对照组患者静脉注射等剂量的0.9%氯化钠注射液。记录给药前(R)、给药后15min(T1)、手术开始后15min(T2)、30min(T3)、45min(T4)、术毕(T5)及术后1h(T6)患者心率、平均动脉压、脑电双频指数(BIS)值、Ramsay镇静评分及不良反应发生情况。结果T。~L时点,右美托咪定组心率和BIS值均明显低于对照组[心率:(61±7)次/min比(70±8)7次/min、(57±5)L次/min比(73±10)次/min、(55±10)次/min比(70±12)次/min、(60±6)次/min比(73±16)0;/rain、(64±16)次/min比(77±10)次/min,BIS值:(68±lo)比(93±4)、(60±16)比(92±6)、(63±11)比(93±5)、(58±10)比(92±6)、(80±6)比(94±3)]和T0时点[(76±13)次/min、(95±4)],Ramsay镇静评分明显高于对照组[(3.0±0.5)分比(2.0±0.0)分、(4.0±0.0)分比(2.0±0.0)分、(4.0±0.0)分比(2.0±0.0)分、(4.0±0.0)分比(2.0±0.0)分、(3.0±0.0)分比(2.0±0.0)分]和Tn时点[(2.0±0.0)分],差异均有统计学意义(均P〈0.05)。T1~T4时点,右美托咪定组和对照组患者平均动脉压均明显低于T0时点[(72±11)、(75±14)、(66±12)、(65±13)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)比(85±10)mmHg,(74±12)、(75±14)、(76±15)、(73±16)mmHg比(86±8)mmHg],且T3、T4时点,右美托咪定组平均动脉压明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P〈0.05)。右美托咪定组和对照组心动过缓和止血带反应发生率比较[12.5%(5/40)比0.0%(0/40),0.0%(0/40)比17.5%(7/40)],差异均有统计学意义(均P〈0.05)。结论右美托咪定对坐骨神经联合股神经阻滞麻醉膝关节置换术患者的镇静效果确切,血流动力学稳定,不良反应少。
Objective To explore the sedative effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) in patients undergoing knee arthroplasty under sciatic nerve combined with femoral nerve block anesthesia. Methods Totally 80 patients undergoing unilateral knee replacement surgery from March to September in 2014 were enrolled and randomly divided into DEX group and control group, 40 cases in each group. After sciatic nerve combined with femoral nerve block an- esthesia, DEX group was intravenously given DEX 0.5 μg/kg for 10 min and then maintained with 0. 4 ixg/(kg·h) ; control group was given the same dose of 0. 9% sodium chloride injection. The heart rate, mean artery pressure, bispectral index (BIS) and Ramsay scores before administration (T0), 15 min after administration (T1 ), 15, 30, 45 min (T2, T3, T4) after beginning of operation, at the end of operation (T5 ), 1 h after operation (T6 ) were recorded and compared; the adverse reactions were observed. Results At T1-T5 point, the heart rate and BIS were significantly lower than, the Ramsay scores was significantly higher in DEX group that those in control group [heart rate: (61 ±7) times/min vs (70 ± 8) times/min, (57 ±5) times/min vs (73 ± 10) times/rain, (55 ± 10) times/rain vs (70 ± 12) times/min, (60 ±6) times/rain vs (73 ± 16) times/min, (64 ± 16) times/min vs (77 ± 10) times/min; bispectral index value: (68 ± 10) vs (93 ±4), (60 ± 16) vs (92 ±6), (63 ± 11 ) vs (93 ±5), (58±10) vs (92 ±6), (80 ±6) vs (94 ±3); Ramsay scores: (3.0 ±0.5) scores vs (2.0 ± 0.0) scores, (4.0±0.0) scores vs (2.0 ±0.0) scores, (4.0 ±0.0) scores vs (2.0±0.0) scores, (4.0± 0. 0) scores vs (2. 0 ±0. 0) scores, (3.0 ±0. 0) scores vs (2.0 ±0. 0) scores and those at TO point in DEX group [ (76 ± 13) times/min, (95 ±4), (2. 0 ±0. 0) scores] (P 〈0. 05). At T1-T4 point, the mean artery pressure was significantly lower than that at To point in DEX group and control group[ (72 ± 11 ), (75 ± 14), (66 ± 12), (65 ± 13) mmHg vs (85 ± 10) mmHg; (74 ± 12), (75 ± 14), (76± 15), (73 ± 16) mmHg vs (86 ±8) mmHg] ; at T3, T4 point, the mean artery pressure in DEX group was significantly lower than that in control group (P 〈 0. 05 ). The incidences of bradycardia and tourniquet reaction were significantly different between groups between DEX group and control group [12.5% (5/40)vs 0.0% (0/40), 0.0% (0/40)vs 17.5% (7/40)1 (P〈0.05). Conclusion DEX has effective sedation in patients undergoing unilateral knee replacement surgery under sciatic nerve combined with femoral nerve block anesthesia, with stable hemodynamics and fewer adverse reactions.
出处
《中国医药》
2016年第6期874-876,共3页
China Medicine