常用抗癫痫药物的药物基因组学研究进展

Research progresses of drug genomics of commonly used antiepileptic drugs

抗癫痫药物与多种基因多态性相关。本文针对临床上常用的抗癫痫药物，综述与药物作用靶点、药物代谢，药物转运以及药物不良反应相关的基因单核苷酸多态性的研究现状。每种抗癫痫药物的代谢和药物不良反应都与多种基因相关，这种药物基因组学相关性受人群基因背景、年龄等因素的影响。基因多态性一定程度上解释了个体间药物疗效差异和药物不良反应的差异性现象。了解患者的基因型将有助于临床医师选择合适的药物，决策药物剂量以及最大程度上减少药物不良反应的发生，为抗癫痫的个体化药物治疗提供有力的支持。

Antiepileptic drugs are related with the polymorphisms of multiple gene. This article reviewed the current research of common antiepileptic drugs on genetic polymorphisms associated with drug targets, drug metabolism, transport and side effects. The metabolism and adverse reaction of antiepileptic drugs are associated with multiple genes. Pharmacogenomic relations are affected by multiple factors, including population-specific genetic background, age and so on. To a certain extent, genetic polymorphisms can explain the great differences of drug effects and side effects between individuals. Genetic analysis of epilepsy patients is helpful for decision of treatment strategy and reduction of drug adverse effect, which provides a strong support for personalized treatment.