绿肥间作模式对苹果园土壤养分含量的影响

Effect of Interplanting Green Manure on Soil Nutriemt Content of Apple Orchard

以伊犁地区特克斯县苹果园间作的4种绿肥红豆草、紫花苜蓿、黄豆和小麦为研究对象,以清耕园为对照,通过对土壤中有机质、速效氮、速效磷和速效钾含量的测定,比较分析了果园间作不同绿肥对土壤矿质营养垂直分布的影响,并对4种绿肥的培肥效果进行了比较。结果表明：苹果园间作不同绿肥后土壤中有机质、速效氮、速效磷和速效钾的含量均高于清耕园,土壤养分垂直梯度（0-20、20-40、40-60、60-80、80-100cm）变化研究发现,随着土层深度的增加土壤养分含量呈下降趋势,通过进一步土壤养分综合评价,认为该地苹果园最适宜的间作物为紫花苜蓿;4种间作绿肥的培肥效果依次是紫花苜蓿〉红豆草〉黄豆〉小麦〉清耕。

Four kinds green manure crops of sainfoin,alfalfa,soybean and wheat from orchard intercropping of Tekes in Ili area were chosen as research objects and the orchard of clean tillage was the control group.Through the determination of organic matter,available N,available P and available K＇s content in soil,compared and analyzed the influence of different green manure in the condition of orchard intercropping on vertical distribution of soil mineral nutrients and compared the fertilizing effect of four green manure.The results showed that the content of organic matter,available N,available P and available K in soil were higher than those of clean tillage orchard after the different kinds of green manure was intercropped in orchard.The changes of vertical distribution of soil nutrients（0-20 cm,20-40 cm,40-60 cm,60-80 cm,80-100cm）were investigated to find that the content of soil nutrients tended to decrease with the increase of soil depth.The further comprehensive evaluation of the soil nutrients found that the most suitable orchard intercropping crops was alfalfa in this area.The fertilizing effect of four kinds intercropping green manure were alfalfasainfoinsoybeanwheatclean tillage.