冲决与弥合——摄影术发明之后西方视觉艺术的图像演变

Shock and Remedy: Image Evolution of Western Visual Art After Invention of Photography

摄影术自诞生之日起,一面冲击着以绘画为主导的视觉艺术,一面又弥补着绘画的部分功能缺陷,并不断拓延视觉图像的范畴。摄影术快捷、精准的再现功能不断挑战绘画在视觉艺术领域的"霸权"地位,尤其是"再现"功能不再是绘画的特权。这迫使画家重新思考绘画的命运与图像的使命。西方视觉艺术从传统向现代的多元性、开放性、交互性的演变都伴随着摄影和绘画全方位的"双重导向"的影响。维纳斯形象的视觉图像演变在某种意义上浓缩了西方视觉艺术的图像演变历程,因此,本文以其为线索探讨摄影和绘画的双向影响对于西方视觉艺术的图像演变具有的重要意义。

The emergence of photography has shocked the visual art dominated by painting on the one hand, and remedies the flaws of paintings on the other, expanding the scope of visual images. Photography, with its function of quick and accurate representation, has been a continuous challenge to the ＂hegemonic＂ position held by painting in the field of visual art; in particular, the function of ＂representation＂ is no longer a privilege of painting. This forces painters to rethink the fate of painting and the mission of images. The evolution of Western visual art from the traditional to modern diversity, openness and interaction has always been under the influence of ＂dualorientation＂ of photography and painting. As the evolution of the visual image of Venus, to some extent, is the epitome of the evolution of images in Western visual art, this essay uses this evidence to discuss the significance of the two-way effect of photography and painting to the image evolution in Western visual art.