症状性椎基底动脉狭窄的内支架成形术

Transluminal stent-assisted angioplasty for the vertebrobasilar ischemia

目的 研究内支架成形术治疗症状性椎基底动脉狭窄的效果和安全性。方法 2 0 0 1年 6月至 2 0 0 2年 4月间 ,16例症状性椎基底动脉狭窄患者接受了成形术。结果 7例为一侧椎动脉狭窄、对侧椎动脉狭窄或闭塞 ,7例为优势侧椎动脉狭窄或对侧椎动脉仅供血小脑后下动脉区域 ,1例为基底动脉狭窄 (孤立性后组循环 ) ,1例为狭窄的椎动脉直接与小脑后下动脉延续。狭窄段位于椎动脉开口部 10例 ,位于颅内段 6例 ,1例患者为椎动脉近端 2处狭窄。MoriA型病变 12例 ,B型病变 3例 ,C型病变 1例。全组技术成功率 10 0 % ,平均狭窄率从 73.2 % (5 0 %～ 95 % )下降到 5 .1% (0～ 30 % ) ,P <0 .0 1。在围手术期内无严重并发症发生。随访 1～ 12个月 (平均 4 .4个月 ) ,按Malek评分 ,疗效极好 15例 ,疗效较好 1例。结论 对症状性基底动脉狭窄进行内支架成形术是安全和有效的方法 ,但长期疗效需要进一步积累病例和随访研究。

Objective To study the safety and efficacy of transluminal stent assisted angioplasty in the treatment of vertebrobasilar ischemia.Methods Between June 2001 and April 2002, the transluminal stent assisted angioplasty was performed in 16 patients with symptomatic vertebrobasilar artery stenosis. Results The vertebral artery stenosis with contralateral stenosis or occlusion were found in 7 patients, unilateral significant stenosis of the dominant vertebral artery in 7, symptomatic basilar artery stenosis in 1, and the significant unilateral lesion of a nondominant VA, When symptoms indicated ischemia in the ipsilateral posterior cerebellar artery (PICA) in another. The successful rate of stent implantation was 100% without any serious complications. The degree of stenosis was significantly improved from 73.2% to 5.1%, P <0.01. Within mean follow up of 4.4 months (ranged from 1 month to 12 months), there was no neurologic complication. Conclusions Preliminary results suggest that transluminal stent assisted angioplasy in the treatment of vertebrobasilar ischemia to be a safe and effective. Long term angiographic and clinical follow up for monitoring a larger number of patients is needed.