小麦籽粒水分含量变化对小麦品种抗虫性的影响

Effect of moisture content on the resistance of different wheat varieties to Sitophilus oryzae(Linnaeus)

为探讨小麦含水量对近年新推广种植小麦品种抗虫性的影响,本研究选用河南、山东等省种植较广泛的6个小麦品种‘矮抗58’、‘西农979’、‘良星66’、‘济麦22’、‘泛麦8号’和‘郑麦7698’,检测了水分含量分别为11.50%、12.50%和13.50%时,小麦籽粒中米象子代成虫数量、由卵至成虫的平均发育历期,以及小麦对米象的敏感系数(SI)。结果表明,小麦含水量为13.50%、12.50%和11.50%时,供试小麦中出现子代成虫数量最多的相应为‘郑麦7698’(85.67头)、‘良星66’(45.67头)和‘济麦22’(17.67头)。同一小麦品种中,由米象卵至子代成虫的平均发育历期均在水分含量为11.50%时最长,13.50%时最短。在3种含水量下,米象平均发育历期最长为44.77d(‘泛麦8号’),最短为32.77d(‘郑麦7698’)。含水量为11.50%、12.5%和13.5%时,对米象的敏感系数(SI)最小的分别为‘良星66’(0.54)、‘郑麦7698’(7.76)和‘济麦22’(8.47)。结果表明:小麦籽粒含水量相同时不同品种对米象的抗虫性差异显著。同一品种小麦籽粒含水量从13.50%降低至11.50%时,米象子代成虫数量和SI减小、卵至成虫平均发育历期延长,小麦籽粒含水量对抗虫性的影响大于小麦品种的影响。

To investigate the influence of moisture content on the resistance of wheat to the insect,the wheat varieties,‘Aikang 58＇,‘Xinong 979＇,‘Liangxing 66＇,‘Jimai 22＇,‘Fanmai 8＇and ‘Zhengmai 7698＇which have been widely planted in Henan,Shandong and Hebei provinces of China in recent years,were selected and the adult number of progeny and average developmental duration from egg to adult of Sitophilus oryzae（Linnaeus）were determined under moisture contents of 11.50%,12.50%and13.50%.The susceptibility index（SI）was also calculated according to the data.The results showed that the maximum number of progeny adult at moisture contents of 13.50%,12.50% and11.50% were appeared in‘Zhengmai 7698＇（85.67individuals）,‘Liangxing 66＇（45.67individuals）and‘Jimai 22＇（17.67individuals）,respectively.The developmental duration from egg to adult increased with the moisture content decreased in all varieties.The longest developmental duration was observed in ‘Fanmai 8＇（44.77 days）with moisture content of 11.50%,while the shortest one was observed in ‘Zhengmai 7698＇（32.77 days）with moisture content of 13.50%.The minimum susceptibility indexes（SI）for the wheat with moisture content of 11.50%,12.5% and 13.5% were 0.54（‘Liangxing 66＇）,7.76（‘Zhengmai 7698＇）and 8.47（‘Jimai 22＇）,respectively.The results indicated that there was an obvious difference of resistance to S.oryzae among different wheat varie-ties with same moisture contents.The average developmental duration became longer,and the progeny adult number as well as the SI value decreased significantly with the moisture contents decreased from13.50%to 11.50%.The moisture content had more significant influence on resistance of wheat to S.oryzae than wheat variety.