连动结构的论元结构及句法推导

The Argument Structure of the Serial Verb Construction and Its Derivation

从生成句法角度探讨连动结构的内部结构及其句法推导。连动结构的两种基本形式为S+V1+O1+V2+O2和S+O1+V1+O2+V2。无论是SVO型还是SOV型连动结构,均遵循语序—时序对应原则,这是由于各个成分在深层结构上存在不对称性成分统制关系,即V1或VP1不对称性成分统制V2或VP2。根据这一发现,提出了连动结构分析模式——VP间不对称性成分统制分析,并用于讨论不同类型语言连动结构的推导过程。研究发现,连动结构中存在一个空谓词和一个空论元位置,连动结构的差异应归结于空谓词和空论元的隐现,二者的隐现导致了不同类型连动结构的生成。

The present study is mainly concerned with the internal structure of serial verb constructions and their derivation. It is argued that structurally the two basic forms of serial verb constructions are S＋V1＋O1＋V2＋O2 and S＋O1＋V1＋O2＋V2. Both SVO and SOV serial verb constructions follow temporal iconicity,which is associated with the asymmetric nature of syntactic structures,i. e. V1 or VP1 c-commands V2 or VP2 asymmetrically. Based on this argument,an analysis of the derivation of serial verb constructions — Inter-VP Asymmetrical C-command Analysis — is proposed and used to account for the derivation of serial verb constructions in various languages. It is argued that in the serial verb construction there exist a null predicate and a null argument,the occurrence or non-occurrence of which gives rise to different types of serial verb constructions.