中学生负性生活事件、认知情绪调节与抑郁的关系

Relationship between high school students' negative life events,cognitive emotion regulation and depression

目的探讨中学生生活事件、认知情绪调节与抑郁的关系,为改善中学生心理健康提供依据。方法采用自编负性生活事件、认知情绪调节问卷(CERQ)和抑郁自评问卷(BDI)对184名中学生进行了问卷调查。结果中学生在重新关注计划(14.36±3.48)和积极重新评价(13.92±3.65)得分最高,而灾难化(6.73±3.45)和责难他人(7.89±2.38)策略得分最低;相关分析显示,负性生活事件数与抑郁得分、灾难化和责难他人显著正相关(r=0.26、0.19、0.26,P均<0.01),抑郁得分与沉思、灾难化、责难他人和自责显著正相关(r=0.45、0.44、0.25、0.25,P均<0.01);层次回归模型表明,负性生活事件、沉思、灾难化对抑郁症状有显著的正向预测作用,其中沉思和灾难化两个变量解释抑郁症状总方差的22.3%。结论负性生活事件对中学生抑郁具有显著影响,而沉思和灾难化的应对策略可能扮演着更为重要的角色。

Objective To explore the relationships between the negative life events,cognitive emotion regulation and depression in high school students,and to provide basis for students＇ mental health improvement. Method A sample of184 high school students were surveyed by using questionnaires on the self-rated Negative Life Events（NLE）,Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire（CERQ）,and Beck Depression Inventory（BDI）. Results The highest scores were refocus on planning（14.36±3.48）and positive reappraisal（13.92±3.65）,while the lowest scores were catastrophizing and self-blame in the high school students.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the numbers of NLE had significant positive correlations with depressive symptoms,catastrophizing and self-blame（r=0.26,0.19,0.26,respectively,P〈0.01）,and the cognitive emotion regulation strategies of rumination,catastrophizing,other-blame and self-blame had significantly positive correlations with depressive symptoms（r=0.45,0.44,0.25 and 0.25,respectively,P〈0.01）.Hierarchical regression analysis showed that NLE entered on the first step were a significant predictor of depressive symptoms（P〈0.01）,Rumination and catastrophizing entered on the second step were more strongly associated with depressive symptoms,and these two variables explained 22.3% of the variance. Conclusion Negative life events and depression are closely related,however,the use of maladaptive strategies of rumination and catastrophizing might play a more importance role in depressive symptoms.