基于异速生长理论的“标准化力量”评价方法研究进展

Advances in Study on Normalized Strength Assessment Method Based on the Allometric Theory

异速生长理论描述了生物体的形态结构与内在功能之间存在的相关关系,该理论已被生物学界广泛认可,在比较不同生物体某些属性之间的相关关系时具有重要的意义。近年来,国外的体育科研工作者对异速生长理论在体育学中的应用进行了大量研究,基于异速生长理论提出"标准化力量"的概念,对"标准化力量"评价不同体型尺度个体的力量素质水平进行了实践探索。本文通过查阅中国知网、Pub Med、EBSCO等国内外知名数据库,检索"异速生长""肌力评价""allometric scalling""normalized strength"等关键词,对相关的文献进行分析、总结、提炼,得出结论:"标准化力量"是基于异速生长理论而推导出的一种力量换算方法;应用"标准化力量"评价不同体型尺度个体的力量素质水平能够排除体型因素对评价结果的影响,具有较高的可行性和有效性;由于异速生长指数的取值受到多重因素的影响,使"标准化力量"在应用过程中受到一定限制,这是今后体育科研工作中需要探索解决的问题。

The allometric theory which describes the relationship between organisms＇ structure and their inner function has important implications for comparing different properties of some organisms and has been widely accepted in biology. In recent years,much research has been done on applying the allometric theory to sports sciences in some countries. As a result,the concept of＂Normalized Strength＂,which is based on the allometric theory,has been developed and used for assessing the muscle strength of individuals of various sizes. This paper analyzed the relevant documents,which were collected from CNKI、Pub Med、EBSCO through inputing such keywords as ＂异速生长＂（ allometric）,＂肌力评价 ＂（ muscle strength assessment）,＂allometric scaling＂,and＂normalized strength＂,and concluded that ＂normalized strength＂is a method of converting strength calculations,and has high level of feasibility and validity in that it can rule out the influence of body size on the assessment results. However,the allometric indexes are influenced by many factors,making its application limited. Sports scientific researchers need to resolve this problem in their future work.