日粮中添加具有不同脂肪酸特征的油籽对育肥绵羊生长性能及瘤胃发酵特性的影响

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Oilseeds with Different Fatty Acid Profiles on the Growth Performance and Rumen Fermentation Characteristics in Fattening Sheep

文章旨在探讨日粮中添加具有不同脂肪酸特征的油籽对育肥绵羊生长性能及瘤胃发酵特性的影响,为研究通过日粮调控手段提高绵羊肉中功能性脂肪酸的含量提供理论依据。试验采用单因子完全随机设计,选用40只体重为30 kg±5 kg、生理状态相似的杂交公羊(小尾寒羊×蒙古羊)随机分为4组,每组10只。各组绵羊分别喂以含有不同脂肪酸特征的油籽,其中对照组采用基础日粮(不含油籽),以豆粕和棉粕代替油籽,试验组分别饲喂含10%油菜籽、10%葵花籽、10%胡麻籽的日粮。预饲期10 d,正试期35 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组采食量及日增重均略有下降,但组间差异不显著(P>0.05);不同油籽对瘤胃p H值影响差异显著(P<0.05),其中胡麻籽组p H值最高,油菜籽组最低;各处理组瘤胃液中氨态氮以及菌体蛋白含量差异均不显著(P>0.05)。说明在育肥绵羊日粮中添加具有不同脂肪酸特征的油籽可以作为调控绵羊肉中功能性脂肪酸组成的方法。

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of oilseeds with different fatty acid profiles on the growth performance and rumen fermentation characteristics in fattening sheep so as to further researche on the modification of fatty acid composition in mutton. Forty crossbreed ram（Small-tail Han sheep ×Mongolian sheep） in similar body weights（30 kg±5 kg） and birth dates were used in a completely randomized design. The experiment had four treatments with 10 animals each. Animals in different groups were fed diets with different fatty acid profiles. Animals in the first group were fed the control diet with no oilseeds, but soybean and cottonseed meal in stead; animals in the treatment groups were fed diets which substitute soybean and cottonseed meal with 10% of canola seeds, sunflower seeds, and flaxseeds, respectively. The animals were allowed 10 days to adapt to the diets and data were collected in the following 35 days. The results showed that there was no difference in growth performance（P〉0.05）. Compared to animals in control diet,animals receiving treatment diets were lower in average daily gain（ADG） and dry matter intake（DMI）, but no significant differences（P〉0.05）. Rumen p H was significantly higher in animals fed flaxseed than those in animals fed canola and control diet. Rumen concentrations of NH3-N and BCP were not significantly influenced by the treatments（P〉0.05）.Results from this experiment suggested that further modification of fatty acid profiles to produce functional mutton would be possible by oilseed supplementation.