比较法视角下我国涉外身份关系中的弱者保护原则评析——以《涉外民事关系法律适用法》为中心

The Analysis of the Principle that Protects the Weak in the Field of the Foreign-Related Personal Relation in Our Country Under the Perspective of Comparative Law——Take the Law of the Application of Law for Foreign-related Civil Relations of the People's

作为国际私法的重要原则之一,弱者保护原则在我国的《涉外民事关系法律适用法》中得以确立。在涉外身份关系领域,弱者保护原则的作用主要体现在对涉外亲子关系、涉外收养关系、涉外扶养关系、涉外监护关系中处于弱势地位一方的保护上。对弱者进行适当的特殊保护体现了国际私法的实质正义价值追求和人文关怀。基于我国特殊的国情,弱者保护原则在我国涉外身份关系领域中的表现与其他国家和地区存在着一定的不同,并且存在着一定的不足,如未明确对夫妻关系中的弱者以及非婚生子女的保护等。

As one of the important principles of private international law,the principle that protects the weak was established in the Law of the Application of Law for Foreign-related Civil Relations of the People＇s Republic of China.In the field of the foreign-related personal relation,the function of this principle was mainly reflected in the protecion of the vulnerable party of the foreign-related parent-child relation, the foreign-related adoptive relation, the foreign-related civil supporting relation, and the the foreign-related guardianship relation.This principle reflects that the private international law＇ s pursuit of the essence justice value and humanistic care.Based on the special national conditions in our country,the principle that protect the weak in the field of the foreign-related personal relation is different from other countries and regions, and there are certain deficiencies, such as no clear clause to protect the vulnerable party of the spouses and the Natural children.