313例合成毒品滥用者的艾滋病预防认知度的调查分析

Research of HIV Prevention Consciousness among 313 Synthetic Drugs Abusers

目的:了解合成毒品滥用后高危性行为的发生情况,以及自主预防意识的调查,探索降低合成毒品危害与减少HIV传播感染的有效措施。方法:本研究是在2015年3月至2015年6月期间,在广东省某市级强制隔离戒毒所进行。对313例在所进行强制隔离戒毒治疗,与"甲基苯丙胺和氯胺酮物质滥用"相关的戒毒者进行问卷调查。结果:313例调查对象中男性286人,女性27人;苯丙胺类滥用者占到68.4%,海洛因和苯丙胺类混合滥用者占到17.9%;66.6%的调查对象吸毒后发生过性行为,74.1%的调查对象吸毒后发生性行为从未使用安全套或有时使用安全套,吸毒后发生同性性行为和群体性行为的比例分别为3.0%和6.1%,34.5%的人承认吸毒后会增加性交频次。结论:合成毒品滥用人群仍然以青少年为主;甲基苯丙胺和氯胺酮是主要滥用精神活性物质;合成毒品滥用后增加高危性行为的发生,增加艾滋病传播的风险;加强青少年的禁毒宣传教育,提高合成毒品危害认识是预防HIV传播的重要措施之一。

Objective： To learn the occurrence of high-risk sexual behavior after abuse of synthetic drugs and to survey prevention consciousness. To find the effective way to reduce synthetic drug hazard and HIV transmission. Methods： This study was conducted in a city compulsory isolated detoxification center of Guangdong province during March 2015 to June 2015. Questionnaire survey to 313 subjects who are involved to methamphetamine and ketamine abuse and are under compulsory isolation detoxification treatment.Results： 286 of the 313 subjects are male and 27 are female; 68. 4% of the subjects are amphetamines abuser and 17. 9% are using both heroin and amphetamines; 66. 6% of the subjects once had sex after using drugs and 74. 1% of them never use condoms or sometimes use a condom. The proportion of homosexual behavior is 3. 0% and proportion of group sexual behavior is 6. 1%. 34. 5% of the subjects admitted that taking drugs can increase the frequency of intercourse. Conclusion： The synthetic drug abuse crowd is mainly composed of teenagers and the main psychoactive substances abused is methamphetamine and ketamine. Synthetic drug abuse has increased the chance of high-risk sexual behavior and the risk of HIV transmission. One of the important measures to prevent the HIV transmission is to strengthen the anti-drug publicity and improve the recognition of synthetic drugs.