出院计划新模式在急性脑梗死患者预后中的作用

Role of the discharge planning new model in the prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction

目的通过设计急性脑梗死患者出院延续护理计划指导患者出院,并进行连续性的随访观察,评价急性脑梗死患者应用出院计划模式的效果,改善患者病情。方法选取2013年1月至2015年1月住院治疗的急性脑梗死患者100例作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组(50例)和实验组(50例)。对照组给与常规护理教育,实验组在常规护理教育的前提下实施延续性护理,出院后两组观察6个月。比较两组患者病情加重次数、生活质量以及依从性。结果出院时两组患者各维度指标得分大致相同,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);出院半年后,两组患者在SF-36量表中的各维度指标得分均明显高于出院时,且实验组患者的各维度指标得分均显著高于对照组,其脑梗死复发率降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者在康复锻炼和戒酒等方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在饮食控制、药物依从性、血压监测、戒烟方面,实验组成功例数高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论出院计划模式应用于急性脑梗死患者,通过纠正急性脑梗死的危险因素,明显提高了生活质量,减少了经济负担和并发症的发生。

Objective Through the design of hospital care plan to guide discharged for acute cerebral infarction patients and continuous follow- up observation,to evaluate the effect of application of discharge planning mode for patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods From January 2013 to January 2015,100 patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into experimental group（ 50 cases） and control group（ 50 cases）. The control group used routine nursing education,the experimental group received the implementation of the continuity of care on the conventional nursing education,and the observation lasted for 6months of the two groups. The severity of illness,life quality and compliance of the two groups were compared.Results There were no significant differences（ P 0. 05） in the SF- 36 of the two groups at the beginning of discharge,but half year after the discharge the scores of all dimensions in study group were significantly higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant（ P 0. 05）. There was no significant difference between the two groups about Rehabilitation exercise and abstinence（ P 0. 05）. The success of diet control,drug compliance,blood pressure monitoring and smoking cessation in study group was higher than that in control group,the difference was statistically significant（ P 0. 05）. Conclusions The discharge planning model applied to patients with acute cerebral infarction,reduces the subsequent medical expenses and prevent the occurrence of complications trough correct the risk factors of acute cerebral infarction.