淄博市2014年淡水产品中致病性弧菌污染状况调查分析

Investigation and analysis of contamination status of pathogenic Vibrio isolated from freshwater products in 2014 in Zibo

目的为了解淡水中致病性弧菌的污染水平,更好地预防及控制由其引起的食源性疾病,为卫生行政部门制定相关控制措施提供科学依据。方法参照GB 4789.7—2013《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验副溶血性弧菌检验》、《国家食品污染和有害因素风险工作手册》进行检测。结果在淡水产品的养殖、销售和餐饮各环节中,销售和餐饮环节的致病性弧菌检出率显著高于养殖环节。在所检出的致病性弧菌中,霍乱弧菌是优势菌,其检出率为43.75%。另外,在销售和餐饮环节中,通过淡水产品和海产品中副溶血性弧菌的污染情况对比,表明海水产品的副溶血性弧菌检出率均显著高于淡水产品,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000);并且在餐饮环节,淡水鱼和海水鱼之间存在交叉污染的状况。结论卫生行政部门应对销售环节及餐饮环节加大监管力度,减少食源性疾病的发生。

Objective To understand the contamination levels of pathogenic Vibrio in fresh water,to better prevent and control the food borne diseases caused by it,so as to provide scientific basis for the health administrative departments to develop relevant control measures. Methods Detection was conducted according to GB4789. 7- 2013 The National Standards for Food Safety Detection of Food Microbiology and Parahaemolyticus And Manual for China National Food Contamination and Harmful Factors Risk Monitoring. Results In the culturing,sale and catering aspects,the detection rate of pathogenic Vibrio from sales and catering was rather significantly higher than that from breeding. In addition,the positive rate of Vibrio cholerae reached43. 75% made it to be the dominant strain in the detectable pathogenic Vibrio. Besides,based on the sampling inspection and comparative analysis,we investigated the detection rate of Vibrio parahemolyticus from marine products was significantly higher than that in the freshwater during the process of sales and catering,respectively,with the difference statistically significant（ P =0. 000）. Moreover,cross contamination existed between freshwater and seawater fish in the catering. Conclusion The health administrative department should pay more attention to the sales and catering of aquatic products,and effectively reduce the incidence of food borne disease.