高校受助学生感恩思维错位的心理学探源

The Psychology Origin of the Misunderstanding of Gratitude Education for Aid-receiving College Students

一些高校受助大学生缺乏感恩意识,引发公众对高校受助大学生的感恩教育的广泛关注。促进受助大学生的感恩教育实效,高校应立足于个体感恩的心理产生机制。文章结合感恩的心理学研究分析当前高校感恩教育中的施恩和感恩的错误对应,忽略受助者的其他情绪,忽视感恩的相对性、时间效应以及感恩表达的内隐性等错位思维,提出高校可以从引导受助学生正确认识资助者的无私意图,提升其个体责任意识,采取一定措施维持其感恩情感来提升受助学生的感恩意识。

It is pointed out that some of aid-receiving college students are lacking in the aware- ness of gratitude, which indicates the inefficiency of gratitude education in high education, and has attracted extensively public attention in our society. In order to improve the efficiency of gratitude education, colleges and universities should establish their gratitude education based on the psychological mechanism. Based on the psychological theories on gratitude, this paper analyzes the problems in gratitude education, including simply correspondence between charita- ble giving and gratitude, unawareness of other emotion beneficiaries evoked after receiving help, neglecting the relativity and time effect of gratitude as well as the implicitness of its ex- pression in Chinese culture context. And then, the author provides some advice for the im- provement of gratitude education： 1） to guide the aid-receiving college students to understand correctly the selflessness of sponsors; 2） to elevate the aid-receiving college students＇ individu- al responsibility consciousness; 3） to take measures to maintain the aid-receiving students＇ gratitude emotion so as to promote their gratitude consciousness.