天津市中心城区居民健康促进生活方式及影响因素调查

Health-promoting lifestyle and influential factors of community-dwelling people in central district of Tianjin

目的调查天津市和平区社区居民的健康促进生活方式,探寻其主要影响因素。方法 2015年7月采用分层随机抽样的方法,使用自行设计的一般情况调查表和健康促进生活方式量表(health-promoting lifestyle profileⅡ,HPLP-Ⅱ)对天津市和平区322名社区居民进行问卷调查。计量资料比较采用方差分析,使用多元线性回归分析探索健康生活方式的影响因素,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果天津市和平区社区居民健康促进生活方式平均得分为(130.11±19.51)分,营养得分最高,为(26.09±4.66)分,运动和锻炼得分最低,为(16.00±4.77)分。多元回归分析显示文化程度和自觉健康状况是居民整体健康行为影响因子(R^2=0.044,P<0.05),年龄是健康职责维度的影响因子(R^2=0.023,P<0.05),性别、婚姻状况是运动和锻炼维度的影响因子(R^2=0.057,P<0.05),自觉健康状况是营养维度的影响因子(R^2=0.031,P<0.05),文化程度是人际关系维度的影响因子(R^2=0.038,P<0.05)。结论天津市和平区社区居民健康行为处于良好水平,但仍有提升的空间,在制定健康促进策略时,必须考虑居民的受教育水平和健康状况,以帮助其增加健康知识,改善不良的生活方式。

Objective To investigate health-promoting lifestyle among community-dwelling people in Heping district of Tianjin,and search the influential factors.Methods Used stratified random sampling to investigate 322 community-dwelling people in Heping district of Tianjin with a self-designed questionnaire and a health-promoting lifestyle scale in July 2015.Measurement data was processed by variance analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore the influential factors of health-promoting lifestyle,P〈0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The people health-promoting lifestyle average score was（130.11±19.51）.Nutritional aspect scored highest,was（26.09±4.66）, support scored lowest, was（16.00±4.77）.Regression analysis indicated that education and self-awareness health condition impacted on health behavior of residents（R^2=0.044,P〈0.05）.Age was the factor of health responsibility（R^2=0.124,P〈0.05）.Gender and marital status were the impact factors of sport and exercise（R^2=0.057,P〈0.05）.Perceived health status was the influencing factors of nutrition（R^2=0.031,P〈0.05）.Education was the influence factors of interpersonal relationship（R^2=0.039,P〈0.05）.Conclusion The health-promoting lifestyle among community residents in Heping district of Tianjin is at a good level,but it can be improved.It is important factors of the residents＇ education and health status when the government formulate health promotion strategy.It helps people increase their health knowledge and improve bad lifestyle.