颠覆性创新与军品市场竞争格局的重塑

Disruptive innovation and reshaping of the defense market structure

在系统介绍克里斯坦森"颠覆性创新"理论对于市场竞争格局演化机理一般性解释的基础上,选取美国固定翼军用飞机产业为研究对象,对隐身技术革命和无人机技术突破引发的市场竞争格局变化进行了案例研究。初步研究表明,"颠覆性创新"理论同样适用于军品市场,每一次颠覆性创新的出现,都是新兴企业颠覆传统行业、抢占领先地位的绝佳时机,也是重新塑造市场竞争格局的难得机遇。上述结论从技术动态发展的角度,为打破军工行业垄断、重塑军品市场竞争格局拓宽了思路,提示军方和政府应高度关注面向颠覆性创新的新兴技术领域,并努力维护军品市场的公平竞争环境。

This paper systematically introduces the explanation of the dynamic evolution of market structure by Christensen＇s disruptive innovation theory. After that, case studies on the reshaping of the defense market structure caused by stealth technology revolution and UAV technology breakthrough in the fi xed-wing military aircraft industry are carried out at length. The elementary conclusion indicates that disruptive innovation theory is also adaptable to the defense market： each time when a disruptive innovation occurs, there exists an incomparable opportunity for emerging enterprises to take leading roles against the traditional dominant players in the market and reshape the market structure. Policy implications of this study include high attention being paid by the military and government toward disruptive innovation oriented emerging technology areas, as well as maintaining a level playing fi eld in the defense market with great eff orts.