不同微量元素浸种对玉米戊唑醇种衣剂药害的缓解效果及作用机理

Mitigation Effects and Mechanism of Trace Elements on Phytotoxicity of Seed Coating agent Containing Tebuconazole to Maize

[目的]研究不同微量元素浸种对玉米戊唑醇种衣剂药害的缓解效果。[方法]选用硫酸亚铁、硫酸锰、硼砂、硫酸锌、钼酸铵、硫酸铜、硅酸钠7种微量元素于不同浓度下分别将玉米种子浸种8 h,晾干后再结合戊唑醇种衣剂以药种比1∶125拌种,于玉米播后10、14、21 d采样测定幼苗生物量和生理生化指标。[结果]戊唑醇种衣剂以药种比1∶125拌种,玉米植株药害明显。7种微量元素均表现出不同程度的缓解作用:硫酸亚铁、硫酸锰、钼酸铵、硫酸铜、硅酸钠能明显增加受害植株的株高和单株鲜质量(地上部分),硫酸锰处理株高相较于戊唑醇处理增加了4.5 cm,提高了45%;硫酸亚铁、硫酸锰、硼砂、钼酸铵能明显增加受害植株叶绿素含量和根系活力,降低脯氨酸含量和SOD活性。[结论]硫酸亚铁、硫酸锰、钼酸铵浸种质量浓度分别为200、400、200 mg/L时对玉米戊唑醇种衣剂药害缓解效果较好。

[Aims] The paper aims to study the mitigation effects of different trace elements on phytotoxicity of seed coating agent containing tebuconazole to maize. [Methods] The seeds of maize were soaked in solutions of different concentrations of ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate, molybdate, copper sulfate and sodium for8 hours respectively. Then soaked and dried seeds were coated by seed coating agent containing tebuconazole at the amount of 1 ∶125（pesticides and seed mass ratio of preparation）. Seedling growth, physiological and biochemical indexes were measured at 10, 14, 21 days after the maize sowing. [Results] The symptoms of phytotoxicity were obvious after the seeds of maize coated by seed coating agent containing tebuconazole at the amount of 1∶125（pesticides and seed mass ratio of preparation）. Seven kinds of trace elements showed different degrees of mitigation effects on the phytotoxicity of seed coating agent containing tebuconazole to maize. The height and fresh weight of the affected plants increased obviously when the seeds of maize were treated with ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, molybdate, copper sulfate and sodium. Comparing to the treatment of seed coating agent containing tebuconazole, the height of maize treated with manganese sulfate increased 4.5 cm（increasing 45%）. The content of chlorophyll and root activity increased and the content of proline and the activity of SOD of the vulnerable plants of maize decreased significantly with the treatments of ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, borax and molybdate. [Conclusions] The trace elements of ferrous sulfate, mamganese sulfate, molybdate showed better mitigation effects on phototoxicity of seed coating agent containing tebuconazole to maize when they were applied at the concentration of soaking of 200, 400 and 200 mg/L respectively.