电子废弃物回收政策目标:社会福利还是环保回收率?

Goal of E-Waste Recycling Policy: Social Welfare vs. Environmental Recycling Rate

本文研究了社会福利最大化和环保回收率最大化目标下电子废弃物回收政策的决策问题,分析了决策目标对政策决策和政策效果的影响。研究发现:(1)社会福利最大化下的决策需要考虑非正规回收的环境成本、消费者对电子废弃物残值的最大估计、生产者与非正规回收者的单位电子废弃物处理利润等因素及其相互关系,而环保回收率最大化下的决策则不必考虑非正规回收的环境成本;(2)社会福利最大化下的政策在一些条件下不能充分发挥生产者的回收能力,但环保回收率最大化下的政策则总是可以;(3)环保回收率最大化下的社会福利在一些条件下较低,但环保回收率却总是不低于社会福利最大化下的。因此,回收政策应以环保回收率最大化为决策目标。

Taking the Maximization of Social Welfare（ MSW） and the Maximization of Environmental Recycling Rate（ MERR） as the government＇s decision goal,respectively,we study the decision issue of e-waste recycling policy and analyze the effects of decision goals on decision-making and policy results. It shows that the decision-making under MSW needs to know the environmental cost per e-waste of informal recycling,the maximum of e-waste salvage estimated by consumers,the handling profits per e-waste of producer and informal recycler,and their relations,but not to know the environmental cost per e-waste of informal recycling under MERR. It also finds that the recycling policy under MSW does not give full play of producer＇s recycling ability in some conditions,but it always does under MERR. It reveals as well that although the social welfare achieved under MERR is smaller than that under MSW in some conditions,the environmental recycling rate achieved is always not. Therefore,MERR should be taken as the decision goal of recycling policy.