水分处理对毕节雨养烟区烟株农艺性状、生理生化指标及烟叶化学成分的影响

Effects of Different Water Treatment to Tobacco on Agronomic Traits,Chemical Constituents,Physiological and Biochemical Indexes in Rained Area of Bijie

为给毕节雨养烟区的土壤水分调控提供依据,于2012年在毕节雨养烟区研究了灌水处理和适当干旱2个处理对烟株农艺性状、生理生化指标及烟叶化学成分的影响。结果表明:在2012年的气候条件下,与灌水处理(CK)相比,除旺长期外,适当干旱处理的烟株最大叶叶长、叶宽较大,烟茎较粗,各生育时期的叶片数均较多;烟株叶片光合速率和蒸腾速率增强,相对含水量降低,游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖、叶绿素含量升高;烟株根系干质量和根系体积增大,根系活力增强;各部位烟叶的化学成分含量适宜,比例较协调。因此,毕节雨养烟区在适当的干旱条件下更有利于烟株的生长发育。

In order to provide theoretical basis for controlling soil moisture in rained area of Bijie,the tobacco agronomic traits,chemical constituents,physiological and biochemical indexes were detected under water and drought treatments in 2012. The plants treated by drought grew more vigorously,with more leaves,larger leaf in length and width,and larger stem in diameter except vigorous growth period.Dry mass and volume of tobacco root also increased,and root activity enhanced. Most of physiological and biochemical indexes in leaves,i. e.,photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,free proline,soluble sugar,chlorophyll,increased compared with water treatment. In addition,the chemical constituent content of each part of tobacco leaf was suitable and coordinative. Therefore,appropriate drought condition was more conducive to the growth and development of tobacco in the rained area of Bijie.