干旱区红小豆施肥效应研究

Study on Fertilization Effects on Adsuki Bean in the Dry Area

应用"3414"试验方案,研究了干旱区红小豆施肥效应和土壤供肥特性,以期为该区红小豆高产高效施肥提供参考依据。结果表明:施肥处理的红小豆产量高于不施肥处理,以N_2P_1K_1处理的红小豆产量和产投比最高。钾肥对红小豆的增产率最大,为13.7%~16.9%;其次是氮肥,增产率为6.1%~12.1%;最后是磷肥,增产率为0.6%~6.4%,即对红小豆产量影响的大小顺序为钾、氮、磷。由红小豆肥料效应方程可知,达到最高产量的N、P_2O_5、K_2O平均施肥量分别为98.5、109.0、97.5 kg/hm^2,产量为1 320 kg/hm^2,产投比为8.8;达到最佳产量的N、P_2O_5、K_2O平均施肥量分别为86.4、110.8、95.8 kg/hm^2,产量为1 302 kg/hm^2,产投比为9.0。此外,红小豆施肥试验期间,土壤地力贡献率为81.1%,土壤肥力中等,施肥效果明显。

In order to provide the basis for adsuki bean fertilization,a＂3414＂experiment design had been arranged to investigate the fertilization effects on adsuki bean and soil nutrients supply capacity in dryland. The results showed the yields of the fertilization treatments were higher than those of the treatments without fertilization,the yields and output-input ratio of the N_2P_1K_1 treatment was the highest.The adsuki bean yield increment rates by the application of K,N and P fertilizer were separately 13. 7% —16. 9% 、6. 1% —12. 1% and 0. 6% —6. 4%,and the order of effects on the yield was K N P. The equation of fertilization effects on adzuki bean showed that the N,P_2O_5,K_2O amounts when the maximum yield was obtained were 98. 5,109. 0,97. 5 kg / ha respectively,the yield was 1 320 kg / ha,and the output to input ratio was 8. 8; the N,P_2O_5,K_2O amounts when the optimum economic yield was obtained were86. 4,110. 8,95. 8 kg / ha respectively,the yield was 1 302 kg / ha,and the output to input ratio was 9. 0.The soil fertility was middle,and the contribution of land capability reached 81. 1%.