益微微生物菌剂对乙草胺油菜药害的缓解效果及作用机制初步研究

Curing Effect of Antidote Yiwei on Rape Injury Caused by Acetochlor and Its Functional Mechanism

为了探索益微微生物菌剂拌种缓解乙草胺油菜药害的效果及其作用机制,采用盆栽法测定了益微拌种对乙草胺油菜药害的缓解效果,采用分光光度法分别测定益微拌种对油菜叶片中还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)含量和谷胱甘肽转移酶(GST)活性的影响,并采用GCMS法检测油菜植株中乙草胺的残留量。结果表明:乙草胺的施用量为840~1 680 g/hm^2时,对油菜生长均有一定的抑制作用;用益微拌种处理后,均能显著缓解乙草胺对油菜的药害,当乙草胺用量为1 680 g/hm^2、拌种量为25 g益微拌1 kg油菜种子时,油菜的株高、鲜质量恢复率分别为79.31%和178.57%。与单用乙草胺处理相比,先用益微拌种后喷施乙草胺,油菜植株中GSH含量增加,GST活性提高,同时乙草胺残留量极显著降低。说明益微微生物菌剂能提高植株中相关抗逆酶的活性,促进乙草胺的降解,从而显著缓解乙草胺对油菜的药害。

In order to study the mitigation effect of the microbial agent Yiwei on acetochlor herbicide injury to rape,and its preliminary mechanism,the curing effect of Yiwei as a seed-dressing agent was studied by pot growing method. The contents of glutathione（ GSH）,oxidized glutathione（ GSSG） and the activity of glutathione S-transferase（ GST） in rape leaf were measured by UV-Vis and the residue of acetochlor in rape was determined by GC- MS. The results showed that when acetochlor was applied with concentration of 840—1 680 g / ha,it inhibited the growth of rape. Yiwei as a seed-dressing agent could remarkably ease this injury caused by acetochlor. When 25 g Yiwei was used to deal with 1 kg rape seed,the recovery ratios of rape seedling height and fresh weight from the injury caused by 1 680 g / ha acetochlor were79. 31%,178. 57% respectively. Compared with the rape seedlings injured by acetochlor alone,Yiwei could increase the content of GSH,outstandingly enhance the activity of GST,and reduce the residue of acetochlor in rape seedlings. It turned out that Yiwei could improve activities of related enzymes such as GST and accelerate the degradation of acetochlor residue in rape seedlings to cure rape injury caused by acetochlor.