长春市成年居民慢性病患病率分析

Analysis on the prevalence of chronic diseases among adult residents in Changchun

目的了解长春市主要慢性病在不同地区和人群中的分布情况,为制定和评价卫生政策、干预措施提供理论依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,对2012年长春市18~79岁的城乡居民共5 903人进行问卷调查和身体检查。结果长春市成年居民慢性病总患病率为54.65%,且随年龄增长呈上升趋势。农村（63.00%）高于城市（48.26%）,女性（60.81%）高于男性（48.54%）,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。系统别慢性病患病率前5位依次为循环系统疾病（25.37%）,消化系统疾病（19.38%）,骨骼肌肉和结缔组织疾病（19.23%）,泌尿生殖系统疾病（14.03%）,内分泌、营养和代谢疾病（8.13%）;疾病别慢性病患病率前5位依次为高血压（13.34%）、椎间盘疾病（12.68%）、慢性胃肠炎及溃疡（10.76%）、缺血性心脏病（7.91%）、关节炎（7.05%）。结论应根据疾病在不同年龄、性别、地区间的分布情况,采取有针对性的防制措施以降低慢性病发病率。

Objective To understand the prevalence of major chronic diseases among adults in Changchun,and to provide evidence for making and evaluating healthy policy and interventions. Methods A total of 5 903 adult residents aged 18-79 years in Changchun were randomly selected by multistage stratified cluster sampling method in 2012,aquestionnaire survey and physical examination were conducted.Complex weighted computation was used for the prevalence estimation. Results The overall prevalence rate of chronic disease was54.65%,which increased along with age and higher in adults from rural areas and in female individuals than in those from urban areas and in male residents（63.00%vs 48.26%,60.81%vs 48.54%,P0.05）.The top 5most common systemic chronic diseases were circulatory system diseases（25.37%）,digestive system diseases（19.38%）,musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases（19.23%）,urogenital system diseases（14.03%）,endocrine,nutritional and metabolic diseases（8.13%）.The top 5most prevalent chronic diseases were hypertension（13.34%）,intervertebral disc disease（12.68%）,chronic gastroenteritis/peptic diseases（10.76%）,ischemic heart disease（7.91%）and arthritis（7.05%）. Conclusions Different intervention should be taken according to the distribution characteristics of chronic diseases in adults with different age and gender in order to reduce the prevalence of chronic diseases,especially the prevalence of circulatory system diseases such as hypertension.