4城市中小学生及教师对食品营养标签知晓和使用情况分析

A survey on awareness and usage of food nutrition labels among primary and secondary students and teachers in four cities

目的了解我国4城市学生及教师对食品营养标签知晓及使用情况,为在学校推动国家食品营养标签健康教育行动的实施提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,在武汉市、成都市、沈阳市、广州市根据区域经济状况各随机选取3个区小学、初中及高中的11 120名学生、2 370名教师进行营养标签知晓和使用情况问卷调查。结果分别有86.54%(9 623人)的学生和80.34%(1 904人)的教师知道包装食品的外包装上有食品营养标签,仅有11.83%(1 316人)的学生和3.59%(85人)的教师全部答对必须标示的能量和核心营养素,其中知道含有钠的比例最低;仅有14.61%(1 625人)的学生和16.12%(382人)的教师在选购食物时会经常使用食品营养标签。不同性别、文化程度、承担工作、经济收入、学段间对食品营养标签的知晓使用情况比较差异有统计学意义。结论 4城市学生、教师知道食品营养标签的比例有所增高,但全部答对食品营养标签具体标示的能量、核心营养素和使用食品营养标签选购食物的比例低。需在学校加大食品营养标签的宣贯力度,并加强学校营养健康相关知识的教育。

Objective To describe the awareness and usage of food nutrition labels among students and teachers in four cities,and to provide scientific evidence for the implementation of National Food Nutrition Labeling Health Education Action. Methods The stratified random cluster sampling method was used to recruit total11 120 primary and secondary students and 2 370 teachers from Shenyang,Guangzhou,Wuhan and Chengdu in the survey.A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the information about awareness and usage of food nutrition labels. Results 86.54% of students and 80.34% of teachers claimed of knowing food nutrition labels on the packages,however,only 11.83% students and 3.59% teachers correctly answered all the major nutrients and calories listed on the labels,the percentages were even lower in terms of sodium on the labels.Only around 15% of them chose foods based on the information on the nutrition facts labels.There were significant differences of awareness and usage of nutrition labels among students and teachers with different gender,education,job,income and grades. Conclusions The awareness rate of food nutrition labels becomes higher than before,but it is still low in terms of calories and nutrients listed on the labels.It is necessary to improve the food health education in schools and enhance the implementation of nutrition labeling.