武警某部新老兵重点传染病预防素养现状及影响因素分析

Status quo of prevention literacy on major infectious diseases in recruits and veterans of some armed police force and analysis of its influencing factors

【目的】了解武警基层战士重点传染病预防素养水平及影响因素,为进一步针对性开展传染病专题健康教育提供依据。【方法】采用整群抽样的方法,对驻津武警某部2015年入伍的278名新兵和军龄≥1年的253名老兵进行关于重点传染病预防素养的问卷调查。【结果】该部基层战士具备重点传染病预防素养的比例为31.51%,新兵为20.86%,老兵为40.67%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=30.707,P=0.001)。重点传染病知识、相关健康生活行为方式、药品说明书阅读理解、相关信念态度和相关行为操作5个方面素养总比例分别为45.76%、37.48%、35.78%、68.93%和48.96%,新老兵间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在重点传染病健康生活行为方式上,除"少去人群密集地"的行为正确率高于80%,其它14项行为正确率均较低。基层战士重点传染病预防素养在不同年龄组、新老兵和不同文化程度组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。【结论】武警基层战士重点传染病预防素养水平不高,相关健康生活行为方式正确率较低,影响武警部队新老兵重点传染病预防素养的因素主要有年龄、兵龄和文化程度。

【Objective】To investigate the prevention literacy level on major infectious diseases among the grass-roots soldiers of some armed police force and its influencing factors, and provide basis for pertinently developing further special health education on infectious disease prevention.【Methods】By cluster sampling, a questionnaire survey about the prevention literacy of major infectious diseases was conducted among 278 recruits enrolled in 2015 and 253 veterans with service period in 1 year or beyond in Tianjin.【Results】The overall rate of prevention literacy on major infectious diseases among grass-roots soldiers was 31.51%. The rate of prevention literacy in recruits was 20.86%, and that in veterans was 40.67%. The difference in recruits and veterans was significant（χ2=30.707, P=0.001）.The overall rates of preventive knowledge on major infectious diseases, related healthy life style, medication instruction understandability, related belief and attitude as well as related behavior operation ability were respectively 45.76%, 37.48%, 35.78%, 68.93% and48.96%. The difference between recruits and veterans was significant（P〈0.05）. The correct rates of related healthy life style were low except ＂less crowded places＂ whose correct rate was more than 80%. The differences of prevention literacy in age, service period and education degree were significant among the grass-roots soldiers（P〈0.05）.【Conclusion】The prevention literacy level on major infectious diseases in grass-roots soldiers of PAP is low. The correct rate of related healthy life style is also low. Age, service period and education degree are the major factors influencing soldiers＇ prevention literacy level.