寻道与循道:明清山东士人在家庭空间内的定位与走向

The Confucian Way of Seeking and Following:the Scholars' Positioning and Trends within the Family Space in Shandong during Ming and Qing Dynasties

传统中国社会,家长在家庭空间内对士人童蒙时期所进行的各种道德训诫,其定位坐标依然是儒家之道,涵盖了一切以忠孝仁义为核心的伦理纲常以及群体观、社会观等价值观念,由此指导着士人去寻道并走向循道之实践。但由于受个体主观因素及社会外在环境等影响,士人践行中则出现了有道则见、无道则隐、弃道求存、以道抗势等多样性发展趋势。

The parents conducted all kinds of moral admonition to the Scholars during the period of their enlightenment within the family space in traditional Chinese society,their positioning coordinates of the way was still the Confucian,which covering all values of virtue and moral order including community concept,social values,etc.Among them the loyal and filial was seen as the core of their values.Thereby,the scholars actively sought for the way of the Confucian and practiced it.However,the scholars was appeared once the Confucian way still existed,then no way was hidden,abandoned the way to survive and other diversity trends,which due to the subjective factors of individual and social impact of the external environment.