河北省海岸侵蚀动态及成因机制研究

Dynamic and Genetic Mechanism of Coastal Erosion in Hebei Province

河北省沙质岸滩存在海岸侵蚀现象,对沙滩旅游、海滩工程建设造成严重威胁,制约河北省海洋经济社会发展。海岸侵蚀监测结果显示,区域海滩滩面受波浪、潮流影响较大,时冲时淤,摆动频繁,沙质岸滩整体处于侵蚀状态,各区段蚀淤情况有所差异,高潮线以上有所淤高,海滩坡度开始变陡,呈下蚀状态。海岸侵蚀灾害已引起沙滩沙质粗化、滩肩变窄、滩坡变陡及基岩裸露比率增多等问题。针对这一突出问题,通过定点测量与遥感监测相结合的方式,研究了河北省海岸线动态演变特征,经计算,河北省各侵蚀岸段海岸侵蚀速率达1.0~4.0m/a,单宽体积侵蚀量-1.42^-19.08m^3/m·a。综合分析显示,人类海岸工程建设、区域海洋水文条件及输砂量减少,是河北省发生海岸侵蚀发生的主要原因。

Hebei sandy beach exist coastal erosion, which seriously threatens beach tourism and beach construction, and restricts Hebei Marine Economy and social development. Coastal erosion monitoring results show that the surface area of the beach is greatly impacted by waves, tide, frequently swing and depositing, and the whole sandy coastal beach is at erosion state. Each segment silt erosion situation is different, some segments above the high tide line, beach slope very steep, and the whole segment is at undercutting state. Coastal erosion has caused the sand particles rough and beachberm narrow and beach slope steep, and an increase of exposed bedrock. In terms of these outstanding issues, by measuring point and a combination of remote sensing monitoring, we research the dynamic evolution characteristics of Hebei coastline. After calculation, the coastal erosion rate is 1.0-4.0m/a, single-wide volume erosion is-1.42^-19.08m^3/(m·a). Comprehensive analysis shows that human coastal construction, regional oceanographic conditions and the amount of sand decrease are the main reason for Hebei coastal erosion.