异化的平等——从卢梭政治理想中的平等观说起

Equality of Alienation ──From Equality Concept of Rousseau's Political Idealism

卢梭作为一位激进的民主主义者 ,渴望在现实社会中优先建立一个平等的王国。他通过对社会不平等的起源和基础进行种种天才般猜测和敏锐分析 ,得出了较为科学的结论。但为了消灭这些不平等 ,保证平等王国建立 ,他在契约论基础上提出了人民主权结论 ,从而使自由与平等思想超越了限度 ,产生了异化 ,最终产生宾雅各派专政的灾难。中国现代化建设可以从中得到启示 :选择符合社会发展需要的应是正常的自由与平等观 ,而不是异化了的自由与平等观。

As a radical democrat, Rousseau desired to first set up an equal kingdom in the real world. He arrived at scientific conclusions by making penetrating hypothesis and analysis of the origin and basis of the social inequality. In order to get rid of all these inequalities and to ensure the setting up of the kingdom, he came to the conclusion of people's sovereign rights on the basis of contract so as to make the freedom and equality concepts go beyond their limits to the result of alienation, leading to the disaster of Jacobin dictatorship. China's modernization can get some enlightenment from this: to choose the proper freedom and equality concepts suitable for our social development and dispell the alienated concept of freedom and equality.