美国司法实践中的“转换性使用”规则及其启示

The Rule of Transformative Use in US Judicial Practice and the Implication

美国的知识产权保护在世界范围内都处于领先的水平,其版权法及合理使用制度在实践中不断地修正和调整,适应着复杂的新情况,推动着社会的发展。在判断是否构成合理使用时,"转换性使用"规则的地位举足轻重。近年来,美国法院对"转换性使用"的解释呈现逐步扩大的趋势,在判断"转换性使用"的程度时会重点关注经济层面的影响。本文通过研究美国制度的内核并分析我国的司法实践,对我国合理使用制度的完善提出建议。

US IP protection is in a leading position worldwide. Its copyright law and fair use doctrine has been undergoing constant revision and adjustment, in order to adapt to new situation. In deciding whether fair use is established, the rule of transformative use makes great sense. Recently, US courts assume an expanding attitude in interpreting transformative use, placing much emphasis on the economic side. By studying the core of the US fair use system and the related practice in our country, the paper tries to give some suggestions on perfecting China's fair use doctrine.