都柳江重金属污染现状调查及来源分析

Investigation and Source Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollution of Duliujiang River

研究有色金属矿山分布区的河流重金属污染具有极重要的意义.都柳江为典型有色金属矿床分布区,有色金属矿山开采及矿石冶炼导致大量有害元素进入周围的水体.对都柳江干支流进行了采样分析,通过检测铝、钒、铬、锰、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、砷、砸、钼、银、镉、锑、铊、铅等多种重金属,以筛选都柳江特征污染物,分析污染源.结果表明,锑是都柳江流域重金属特征污染物,都柳江干流和部分支流存在不同程度的锑超标.都柳江干流锑质量浓度范围在2.6 7 -290 μg/L之间,在21个采样点中仅有4 个点的锑不超标,其余各点均呈现不同程度的超标.都柳江干流从上游到下游,锑含量呈下降趋势.此外,干流多个断面存在不同程度的锰超标.根据都柳江流域矿山分布分析,都柳江流域锑矿山废水排放是都柳江锑超标的主要原因,部分地区锰矿山废水排放是造成部分断面锰超标的主要原因.

The research on heavy metal pollution of the river around Non- ferrous metal mines has a very important significance. Duliujiang river located in a typical non- ferrous metal mining,and a large number of harmful heavy metals are released into rivers due to the non- ferrous metal ore mining and ore smelting. To screen the characteristic pollutants in Duliujiang River, and find out the sources of pollution,17 kinds of heavy metals( Al,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Mo,Ag,Cd,Sb,Tl and Pb) in the surface water of Duliujiang River and tributaries were detected. The results showed that the antimony( Sb) is the characteristic heavy metal pollutant of Duliujiang River,the concentration of Sb was in the range of 2. 67 to 290 μg / L in Duliujiang river and tributaries. The Sb content decreased with the water flow to downstream,however almost of the 21 monitoring sites were beyond the standard limits at different level. According to the research on mine distribution in Duliujiang river Basin,the discharge of wastewater containing antimony is the main reason that Sb exceed the standard as same as the pollutant Mn.