跳板本体铰链中心线精度控制研究

Research on Precision Control of Ship Ramp Hinge Centerline

根据船舶货物滚装跳板本体铰链安装的具体工序和方法,通过对跳板本体铰链型式特点的研究,重点从定位基准、焊接、镗孔基准和镗孔方式对跳板本体铰链中心线同心度精度的影响及其产生的原因作了详细的论述。比较跳板本体铰链采用长假轴、多次定位镗孔等多种安装方法的利弊,及其对场地和机械加工工具的要求,对各种安装方法所能达到的跳板本体铰链中心线同心度精度等级进行分析;提出采用二次拉线确定定位基准、控制焊接变形工艺、铰链双面划镗孔基准线和镗孔机导轨等工艺措施,消除各道工序对跳板本体铰链中心线同心度精度的影响,使跳板本体铰链中心线同心度的精度达到较高等级。通过实船验证,确认该安装工艺能使跳板本体铰链中心线同心度的精度达到较高等级。

Based on the installation process and method of ship ramp hinge and the study on the characteristics of ship ramp hinge, this paper focuses on the influence of location datum, welding, boring reference and boring methods on the concentricity precision of rump hinge centerline, and elaborates the reasons of the influence. It compares the advantages and disadvantages of long dummy shaft, multiple positioning boring and some other installation methods; analyzes the requirements on work space and tooling, and the attainable concentricity precision level of ramp hinge centerline based on various installation methods; and proposes techniques such as the secondary line stretching method to determine location datum, the welding deformation control technique, the drawing of boring reference line and boring machine rails on both sides of the hinge, so as to eliminate the effect of each procedure on the concentricity precision of ramp hinge centerline, and to keep the precision at a high level. Practice onboard ship validates that the proposed technique can make the ramp hinge concentricity precision to reach a higher level.