基于“风道”理论的大城市旧城风热环境优化研究

Optimization of Wind Thermal Environment at Old Inner City in Metropolitan Area Based on Wind Passage Theory

城市室外风热环境,尤其是旧城住区中的风热环境对于提高居民生活品质意义重大。以武汉大智门地区老城区为例,针对武汉夏热冬冷的地域气候特征,结合城市风道改善风热环境的理论,提出在旧城改造中构建通风廊道空间设想。通过综合数学模型描述气流和热传导特征,考虑外界横向侧风(盛行风)、自然对流和热辐射传导机制的影响,得出研究区域内现状情况下以及改善方案中的温度和风速分布。经过分析对比不同改造方案,提出在旧城区内营造连续、贯通风道的优化措施。

Comfort outdoor thermal environment with good ventilation impacts citizen's living quality significantly, especially at the old residential areas. Case study on a typical old city district in Wuhan, China was conducted in the process of urban renewal. Wuhan city is famous for its adverse climate with extreme weather in both summer and winter. Taking this into account, and inspired by the previous theories on how wind passages alleviate the thermal problem, the plan to create a ventilation corridor in old city area was proposed. By constructing a comprehensive mathematical model on fluid flows and heat transfer characteristics, the factors such as ambient crosswind, natural convection and heat transfer mechanism have been considered . Comparative analysis between the original layout and the revised carried out on modeling temperature and wind speed, and measurements have been concluded to achieve favorable thermal and ventilation comfort in old inner city during the process of urban renewal.