北京等六地区二级医院门诊抗菌药物应用分析

Analysis of the utilization of antibacterial drugs in grade 2 hospitals of six regions

目的:了解北京等六地区二级医院门诊抗菌药物应用情况,为进一步促进临床合理用药提供参考。方法:以我国北京、天津、上海、杭州、广州、成都六个地区二级医院选择数家作为样本医院,抽取2009–2013年抗菌药物的采购与门诊使用数据,从抗菌药物采购金额占全部西药金额比例、销售额占前80%抗菌药物的个数、抗菌药物使用率、抗菌药物联用百分率、抗菌药物使用构成比等方面进行分析。结果:平均抗菌药物采购金额占西药采购金额比从干预初的30.95%下降到21.29%,西药销售额占前80%药品中抗菌药物的个数也从干预初的38个下降到33个。门诊抗菌药物平均使用率经过整治后从2011年的35.12%下降至2013年的25.65%。上述指标干预前与干预后比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。抗菌药物联用百分率从干预前8.34%下降至2012年的7.03%(P<0.05),但在2013年回升到11.94%。抗菌药物注射剂使用率从2011年的36.73%下降至2013年的35.67%。结论:抗菌药物专项整治活动有效的促进了抗菌药物的合理使用,但仍需加强监管。

Objective: To investigate the utilization of antibacterial drugs in grade 2 hospital of six regions, and provide reference for clinical rational use of antibacterials. Methods: The utilization data of antibacterial drugs from 2009 to 2013 in several grade 2 hospitals selected from Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Guangzhou and Chengdu were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The average purchasing amount of antibacterial drugs decreased significantly from 30.95% to 21.29%(P < 0.05). Among drugs whose drug sales were in top 80%, the number of antibacterials decreased from 38 to 33(P < 0.05). The average utilization rate of antibacterials in outpatients decreased from 35.12% to 25.65%(P < 0.05). The rate of outpatient antibacterial prescriptions in which two or more antibacterials used together dropped from 8.34% to 7.03%(P < 0.05), but rose to 11.94% in 2013. The utilization rate of intravenous antibacterials in outpatients dropped from 36.73% in 2011 to 35.67% in 2013. Conclusion: The special rectification of antibacterials have effectively promoted the rational use of antibacterials and continuing efforts are still needed.