基于生命周期分析法的公路养护能耗模型

Energy consumption model for highway maintenance based on life cycle assessment

为了优化公路养护节能方案的评选,应用基于过程的生命周期分析法,从原材料的生产、混合料的生产、现场施工和材料运输4个过程研究了公路养护技术的能耗,并构建了相应的计算模型.分析了我国公路养护原材料的全生命周期能耗,将其生命周期边界定义为对自然界矿物的开采,并计算得到了我国原材料的综合能耗数据.提出了养护技术能耗指数(ECIM),建立了我国公路养护技术的能耗数据库,并与欧洲学者研究成果进行了对比.结果表明:该能耗模型与欧洲能耗模型得出的ECIM值相接近,能耗分布相似;常规沥青路面养护技术中,沥青和混合料的生产能耗对总能耗贡献率最高,均达到40%左右;就地冷再生技术的节能效益最高,其ECIM值约为常规养护技术的1/3.

In order to optimize the selection of energy-saving schemes for highway maintenance,the energy consumption of highway maintenance technology is studied by the process-oriented life cycle assessment（ LCA）. The life cycle is divided into four processes： the production of rawmaterials,the production of mixture,field construction and transport of materials. The corresponding calculation model is established. The whole life cycle energy consumption of rawmaterials is analyzed and its life cycle boundary is defined as the extraction of minerals that exists in nature. Then,the comprehensive energy consumption of rawmaterials is calculated. The energy consumption index of maintenance（ ECIM） is put forward. The energy consumption database for Chinese highway maintenance technologies is established and compared with that of European. The results showthat both of the ECIMvalues are close to each other and the energy consumption distributions are similar. For conventional pavement maintenance technologies,asphalt production and mixture production provide a huge contribution to total energy consumption,and each contribution rate reaches approximately40%; the in-place cold recycling maintenance technology has the highest energy-saving benefit,and its ECIMvalue is about one third of that of conventional maintenance technologies.