戈尔德斯坦的机体动力思想初探

A Probe into Goldstein's Organismic Dynamics

戈尔德斯坦是自我实现论的首创者 ,他的自我实现观点对以后的人本主义心理学的发展起着重要作用。戈尔德斯坦在自己研究和实践中系统地提出了心理发展的机体动力思想 ,包括等势原则、自我实现和顺应 (有机体与环境协调一致 )等概念。其机体动力观既反对弗洛伊德把性本能作为行为的惟一动力[1] (P80 ) ,又反对行为主义的机械反射论 ,他认为机体不断地寻求平衡 ,不断地完善自我的过程是有机体发展的真正动力。

Kurt Goldstein,who is the initiator of the theory of self actualization,plays an important role in the development of psychololgy.On the basis of his research and practice,Goldstein puts forward the idea of organismic dynamics that involves equalization,self-realization and adjustment.His idea is in oppsition to both Freudian eros and Behaviouristic mechanic response.He insists that the true motivation lies in ceaseless equalization and interaction.