从体育到体验:当下体育学理的反思

From Theory to Experience: Reflections of Current Sports Theories

随着教育、体育改革进入"深水区",体育思想在体育教学实践中所扮演的角色由"宏观指导者"转变为"学理提供者",体育学理日益被体育思想所侵蚀。采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法及价值分析法对体育学理进行以"体验"为核心的推理、论证。目的在于反思当前体育学理所呈现的问题,探究重塑体育学理的路径,使体育课程改革和教学实践有据可依。结果表明,体育学理中最具活力的体验性元素及其功能,均被体育思想的政策导向性所弱化、功利化,使其处于"异化""僵化"的境地。以此,基于体育学理的逻辑,阐述其在体育实践中的"体验"意义,结论可鉴,体育学理具有体验应然性;体育活动是通过"体验"引起主体心理变化,以达到教育功能,体验在这一过程中起着决定性作用,据此提出了"体育体验的规律",提炼了体育学理体系新的内涵。

With the deep reformation of education and physical training,sports thought in the role of sports teaching practice has changed from＂macro guidance ＂to ＂academic provider ＂and sports theory is increasingly being eroded by sports thought. Therefore,this paper reasons and demonstrates sports theory with experience as the core by the means of documentation,logical analysis and value analysis method. The purpose is to reflect the problems presented by the current sports theory and explore the way of reshaping the sports theory,providing evidence to the physical education curriculum reform and teaching practice. Results showthat the most dynamic experiential elements and the functions in the sports theory are weakened and become utilitarian by the policy orientation of sports thought,making it alien and rigid. Thus,the paper illustrates the meaning of ＂experience＂in the sports practice based on the logic of sports theory. We can make the conclusion that sports theory has the inevitability of experience and sports activities cause people＇s psychological changes by ＂experience＂to achieve the function of education. Experience plays a decisive role in the process. Accordingly,the author puts forward＂the rule of sports experience＂,refining the newconnotation of the sports theory system.