《伤寒论》教学现状与体验式教学法的构建与实践

Building and Practicing the Experience Teaching Method Based on the Teaching Present Situation of“Shang Han Lun”(Treatise on Febrile Disease)

[目的]探讨如何在有限的教学时间里教好《伤寒论》,提高学生的学习积极性,更好地培养中医临证思维能力。[方法]分析《伤寒论》的教学现状,发现其不足之处,以浙江中医药大学2014级何任班为研究对象,构建并实践体验式教学法,即原文诵读使学生熟悉原文,以奠定基础;课堂教学运用多种教学方法使学生掌握方证机法;跟诊体验感受临证疗效,激发兴趣,使其掌握仲景病脉证治、理法方药诊疗体系。[结果]有限的教学时间在课堂外得以延长;有效提高了学生的学习兴趣;更好地培养了临床能力;教学效果明显提高;此种教学方案主要适用于小班化教学。[结论]体验式教学法在《伤寒论》的小班化教学中具有积极意义,值得推广。

[Aim] Trying to teach the ＂ Shang Han Lun ＂（ Treatise on Febrile Disease） in the limited teaching time; cultivate the students＇ clinical thinking ability of TCM, especially the thinking system of six- channel differentiation. [Method] Analyzing the teaching situation, we found lots of shortcomings. Taking the 2014 grade ＂ He Ren Ban ＂（ elite students＇ class） of ZCMU（ Zhejiang Chinese Medical University） as object, the experience teaching method can make the students familiar with the original by reading and reciting, which firming the foundation of TCM;Classroom instruction using a variety of teaching methods to make the students have a good command of mechanism; With clinical internship which can stimulate interest, make students understand Zhang Zhongjing ＇s disease- syndrome analyzing system and principle- method- recipe-medicine system. [Result] The limited classing time was extended, students ＇cultivation of clinical ability was better, interests were enhanced, also the teaching efficiency obviously promoted. [Conclusion] The experience teaching method has positive significance in＂ Shang Han Lun ＂class.